Desktop Application vs Web Application

An Application is a set of instructions to achieve a particular task for end users. An application can be divided into two general classes: Desktop Application and Web Application.

1. Desktop Application: The application developed to run in a particular system is called Desktop Application.
2. Web Application: The application developed to run in server system so that it will be run on different client systems is called Web Application or Web-based Applications.

Benefits of a Web Application:

• A web application is any application that uses a web browser as a client. The application can be as simple as a message board or a guest sign-in book on a website, or as complex as a word processor or a spreadsheet.
• A web application relieves the developer of the responsibility of building a client for a specific type of computer or a specific operating system. Since the client runs in a web browser, the user could be using an IBM-compatible or a Mac. They can be running Windows XP or Windows Vista. They can even be using Internet Explorer or Firefox, though some applications require a specific web browser.
• Web applications commonly use a combination of server-side script (ASP, PHP, etc) and client-side script (HTML, Javascript, etc.) to develop the application. The client-side script deals with the presentation of the information while the server-side script deals with all the hard stuff like storing and retrieving the information.

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What is a Client?

The 'client' is used in client-server environment to refer to the program the person uses to run the application. A client-server environment is one in which multiple computers share information such as entering information into a database. The 'client' is the application used to enter the information, and the 'server' is the application used to store the information.

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Visual Studio Tips and Tricks!

Editor’s Favorites CTRL+SHIFT+B or F7 to build your solution CTRL+] to jump between matching braces! The IntelliSense Suggestion Box CTRL+K+P it re-opens the suggestion box. CTRL+J shows only members in the IntelliSense completion list. Format your Code CTRL+K+D to auto-format your code CTRL+K+C to Comment a block of code CTRL+K+U to Uncomment a block of code CTRL+E+D or CTRL+E+C or CTRL+E+U CTRL+M or CTRL+L will collapse/expand all outlining. CTRL+M+O or CTRL+M+P to open and close all regions of code. CTRL+K, CTRL+C/CTRL+U to comment/uncomment a selection. Debugging F10, F11 Step Over, Step Into a statement CTRL+ALT+H display the Thread List window. CTRL+ALT+M display the Memory window. CTRL+ALT+C ALT+7 display the call stack window. ALT+3 display the Watch window General Keyboard shortcuts F7 Toggles between design and code views. F9 Toggles breakpoint. F12 Go to definition of a variable, object, or function. Ctrl+Shift+7 Ctrl+Shift+8 Quickly navigate forward and backwards in the go to definition stack. Shift+F12 Find all references of a function or a variable. Ctrl+M, Ctrl+M Expand and collapse code outlining in the editor. Ctrl+K, Ctrl+C Ctrl+K, Ctrl+U Comment and uncomment line(s) of code, respectively. Shift+Alt+Enter Toggles between full screen mode and normal mode. Ctrl+I Incremental Search.

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Difference between .NET 2.0/3.0/3.5 Framework

NET framework 2.0:

It brings a lot of evolution in class of the framework and re-factor control including the support of

• Generics
• Anonymous methods
• Partial class
• Null-able type
• The new API gives a fine grain control on the behavior of the run time with regards to multithreading, memory allocation, assembly loading and more
• Full 64-bit support for both the x64 and the IA64 hardware platforms
• New professionalization features for ASP.NET, such as support for themes, skins and webparts.
• .NET Micro Framework

.NET framework 3.0:

Also called WinFX, includes a new set of managed code APIs that are an integral part of Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008 operating systems and provides

• Windows Communication Foundation (WCF), formerly called Indigo; a service-oriented messaging system which allows programs to inter-operate locally or remotely similar to web services.
• Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF), formerly called Avalon; a new user interface subsystem and API based on XML and vector graphics, which uses 3D computer graphics hardware and Direct3D technologies.
• Windows Workflow Foundation (WF) allows for building of task automation and integrated transactions using work-flows.
• Windows CardSpace, formerly called InfoCard; a software component which securely stores a person's digital identities and provides a unified interface for choosing the identity for a particular transaction, such as logging in to a website

.NET framework 3.5:

It implement Linq evolution in language. So we have the folowing evolution in class:

• Linq for SQL, XML, Dataset, Object
• Addin system
• p2p base class
• Active directory
• ASP.NET Ajax
• Anonymous types with static type inference
• Paging support for ADO.NET
• ADO.NET synchronization API to synchronize local caches and server side datastores
• Asynchronous network I/O API
• Support for HTTP pipelining and syndication feeds.
• New System.CodeDom namespace.

In simplly,

• .Net framework 2.0 shipped with Visual Studio 2005
• .Net framework 3.0 is same framework as .Net 2.0 + Windows Communication Foundation (WCF)+ Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) + Windows Workflow Foundation (WF)
• .Net framework 3.5 is all the above (.Net 3.0) + LINQ technologies and will ship with the next VS including VB 9.0 and C#

Note:

Earlier .NET 2.0, there have been 2 versions of .NET released. They are as follows :

• .NET 1.0 – released on January 16, 2002.
• .NET 1.1 – released on April 24, 2003.
• .NET 2.0 – Released on November 7, 2005.

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Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

Software Development Life Cycle or SDLC is a model of a detailed plan on how to create, develop, implement and eventually fold the software. It’s a complete plan outlining how the software will be born, raised and eventually be retired from its function. Although some of the models don’t explicitly say how the program will be folded, it’s already common knowledge that software will eventually have it’s ending in a never ending world of change web, software and programming technology.

Various faces in the SDLC:

1. Systems Investigation: In this face, identify systems problems or opportunities.
2. Systems Analysis: In this face, how can we solve the problems.
3. Systems Design: In this face, select and plan the best solution.
4. Systems Implementation: In this face, place solution into effect.
5. Systems Maintenance and Review: In this face, evaluate the results of the solutions.

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What is the use of Features in SahrePoint?

By using features, you can think of as bundles of functionality that you can switch on or off with a single click.

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Can SharePoint be linked to an external data source?

SharePoint data can be opened with Access and Excel as an external data source. Thus, SharePoint can be referenced as an external data source. SharePoint itself cannot reference an external data source.

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Key Performance Indicators (KPI):

Key performance indicators display the current progress toward goals for the minimum number of items, and the total number of problems with items.

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Can SharePoint be linked to a SQL database?

This is possible via a custom application, but it not natively supported by SharePoint or SQL Server.

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Can I create custom templates?

Yes you can. You can have templates for business plans, doctor's office, lawyer's office etc.

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Templates in SharePoint

• A template is a pre-defined set of functions or settings that can be used over time.
• There are many templates within SharePoint like Site Templates, Document Templates, Document Library and List Templates.

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How do I make my site as public?

By default, all sites are created private. If you want your site to be a public Web site, enable anonymous access for the entire site, follow these simple steps:

1. Click on Site settings
2. Click on Go to Site Administration
3. Click on Manage anonymous access
4. Choose one of the three conditions on what Anonymous users can access:
• Entire Web site
• Lists and libraries
• Nothing (Default condition is Nothing. i.e., your site has restricted access.)

So that, you can make your SharePoint ste as non-restricted site i.e., public site.

Note: The default conditions allow you to create a secure site for your Web site.

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How can we customize SharePoint sites?

1. On the left hand side corner you will see a site actions menu.
2. So click on the site action menu and click on site settings menu link.
3. Once you click on the link you will be popped with different settings by which you can do customization.

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How can I create my first site in SharePoint?

When you want to create any site in SharePoint we need to prepare a site collection and define site inside the site collection. Ok, that’s a simple four step procedure and can be easily achieved by using the SharePoint central administration.

1. Click on start and you should find the SharePoint central administration menu.
2. Once you click on the central administration menu you need to click on the ‘Application management’ tab and then click ‘Create site collection’.
3. Once you click ‘Create site collection’ you should see a form which needs all necessary details to create a site. All details are almost self-understandable. We have just stressed on three points one is the site name, the other is a template and the last is the username in which SharePoint will run. All sites in SharePoint need to be inherited from some master they can not stand on their own.
4. Once you have clicked ‘Ok’ you can now run the URL with your SharePoint name.

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Site collections

• A site collection is a group of sites organized into a tree structure.
• A site can either be a sub site or a top-level site that stores the common templates and components for the entire group of sites below it.
• A sub-site has a parent and may also have additional sites below it.
• An individual site, whether it is a top-level site or a sub site, can have its own security and access profile. Similarly, a sub site may be configured to inherit the access rules of its parent site.

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SharePoint site

• SharePoint organizes pages, lists, libraries, and other components into sites.
• Each site typically contains information with a common theme, such as an intranet site for a project team or an extranet site for collaboration with business partners.
• From a web browser perspective, a SharePoint site is simply a website.

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What is the difference between a team site and a document workspace?

The difference is that a team site typically manages the mass of information stored in lists and libraries, while a document workspace is a special site for collaborating on a single document or event.

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Workspaces

• A workspace is a special type of site that empowers teams to collaborate on specific documents or events.
• A workspace, like other site templates, can contain lists and libraries and use Web Parts, but is generally created around the collaboration of a single document or event.

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Content Types

• A content type represents a group of informational items in your organization that share common settings.
• They allow you to manage multiple types of content from a single location.

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Virtual Server gallery & online gallery:

• Virtual Server gallery is specific to that virtual server and online gallery is downloadable web parts from Microsoft.

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