Classes and Objects

Class

• The class represents or defines the common characteristics (attributes) of an object of a particular type. 
• In simple words, Class is a collection of fields, properties, methods and events, where a method is a collection of statements and an event is an action on the object.
• The syntax for defining classes in C# is simple
• [attributes] [modifiers] class <classname> [:baseclassname]
  {
  [class – body]
  }[;]
  
• For e.g., you might want to define a class of "Person". Every person will share some characteristics (attributes) like first name, last name, address, etc.,
  public class person
  {
  private string _FirstName;
  private string _LastName;
  private string _Address;
  }
• So, a class serves as a blueprint for similar type of object.
• A class is made up of attributes and behavior. Attributes are defined in terms of member variables and behavior is expressed in terms of function.

Objects

• An object is an instance of a class.
• It is a representation of a real world thing.
• Objects can have both attributes (data) and behaviors.
• For e.g., You and me are instances of the class"Person". We share common attributes like we both have a first name, last name and so on. We both have some common behaviors like walking, talking, etc.,
• By default, an object have the following properties:
• ToString ()
• Equals ()
• GetType ()
• GetHashCode ()
• Objects can access only public data
• A variable which is under control of an object is called an instance variable.
• The base class for all objects is Object in the System namespace.